Nano kil takviyeli poliester liflerinin performans özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi
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Date
2013
Authors
Hojiyev, Rustam
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Doktora tezi çalışmasında PET-kil nanokompozitlerin performans özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada Nanomer I30P ve Nanomer I44P gibi ticari nanokiller kullanılarak PET-kil nanokompozit iplikler üretilerek mekaniksel, dispersiyon ve ısıl özellikleri incelenmiştir. PET-kil nanokompozit iplikler eriyikten üretim yöntemlerinden olan ve çift karıştırma metodu olarak bilinen masterbatch yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. Öncelikle kil miktarı yüksek olan konsantreler (masterbatch) çift burgulu ekstruder kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Masterbatch aşamasında PET yerine PBT kullanılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise üretilen konsantreler lif çekim makinesinde tamamen oryante iplik (FDY-fully drawn yarn) haline getirilerek bobinlere sarılmıştır. PET polimeri olarak lif için uygun ve IV değeri 0,64 dL/g'a eşit olan polimer kullanılmıştır. Üretilen FDY ipliklerin numarası 300 denye ve 96 filamandan oluşmaktadır. Mekaniksel özellikler olarak kopma mukavemeti ve kopma uzamaları kullanılan kil miktarına göre değişimleri incelenmiştir. İpliklerin dispersiyon özellikleri ise XRD ve SEM yöntemleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Isıl özelliklerin incelenmesinde ise TGA, DTA ve DSC yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Ticari nanokillerin polimer ile uyumluluğunu incelenmek için test sıvılarıyla temas açıları ölçülerek yüzey enerji değerleri hesaplanarak etkileşim enerjileri hesaplanmıştır. Ticari killerin yanında Tokat Reşadiye bölgesinden Na-bentonitlerin saflaştırılması ve modifikasyonlar yapılarak polimerler ile uyumluluğu, ısıl özellikleri ve morfolojileri incelenmiştir. Modifikasyon için PVP ve PEG gibi noniyonik YAM'ler ve HDTPhBr, CPB ve Ethoquad C12 gibi kayonik YAM'ler kullanılmıştır.
In this Phd study the performance properties of PET-clay nanocomposite yarn was investigated. Commercial Nanomer I30P and Nanomer I44P was used in the preparation of PET-clay nanocomposite yarns. Dispersion characteristics, mechanical and thermal properties of PET-clay nanocomposite yarn were investigated. For preparation PET-clay nanocomposite yarn melt blending methods with two step mixing was used. The first step is preparation masterbatches with high nanoclay contents, where nanoclay was mixed with carrier polymer such as PBT in the twin screw extruder. The second step is a dilution of the masterbatches with neat fiber grade PET polymer which have IV 0,64 dL/g., the dilution was carried in the continuous spinning machines equipped with single extruder. After fiber spinning they rapidly was drawn to prepare fully oriented yarn (FDY) and wounded to the bobbin. Prepared FDY yarns have linear density equal to 300 denier, with 96 filaments. Changes in the mechanical properties such as tenacity and strain at break with clay contents were investigated. The dispersion characteristics of the nanoclay in PET fibers were also investigated by XRD and SEM techniques. Thermal properties were investigated by DSC and simultaneously TGA/DTA/DTG. The compitibality of the nanoclay with polymer was investigate by the measuring contact angles with test liquids and calculating the interaction of polymer/clay systems through contact angle and surface energy values. Beside the commercial nanoclay the Na-bentonite from the Tokat Reşadiye region was used to investigate the purification ability and developed some pilot type purification technologies for the nanocomposite formation. Purified bentonite was modified by the two nonionic surfactants such as PVP ve PET, and three cationic surfactants such as HDTPhBr, CPB and Ethoquad C12. Contact angle measurements, XRD and TGA/DTA study was made for the characterization modified bentonite.
In this Phd study the performance properties of PET-clay nanocomposite yarn was investigated. Commercial Nanomer I30P and Nanomer I44P was used in the preparation of PET-clay nanocomposite yarns. Dispersion characteristics, mechanical and thermal properties of PET-clay nanocomposite yarn were investigated. For preparation PET-clay nanocomposite yarn melt blending methods with two step mixing was used. The first step is preparation masterbatches with high nanoclay contents, where nanoclay was mixed with carrier polymer such as PBT in the twin screw extruder. The second step is a dilution of the masterbatches with neat fiber grade PET polymer which have IV 0,64 dL/g., the dilution was carried in the continuous spinning machines equipped with single extruder. After fiber spinning they rapidly was drawn to prepare fully oriented yarn (FDY) and wounded to the bobbin. Prepared FDY yarns have linear density equal to 300 denier, with 96 filaments. Changes in the mechanical properties such as tenacity and strain at break with clay contents were investigated. The dispersion characteristics of the nanoclay in PET fibers were also investigated by XRD and SEM techniques. Thermal properties were investigated by DSC and simultaneously TGA/DTA/DTG. The compitibality of the nanoclay with polymer was investigate by the measuring contact angles with test liquids and calculating the interaction of polymer/clay systems through contact angle and surface energy values. Beside the commercial nanoclay the Na-bentonite from the Tokat Reşadiye region was used to investigate the purification ability and developed some pilot type purification technologies for the nanocomposite formation. Purified bentonite was modified by the two nonionic surfactants such as PVP ve PET, and three cationic surfactants such as HDTPhBr, CPB and Ethoquad C12. Contact angle measurements, XRD and TGA/DTA study was made for the characterization modified bentonite.
Description
Keywords
Nanokil, PBT-kil masterbatch, Nanokompozit, PET-kil nanokompozit, Nanokompozit iplikleri, Reşadiye bentonitleri, Bentonit modifikasyonu, Organokillerin yüzey enerjileri, Organokillerin temas açıları, Polimer-kil uyumluluğu, Nanoclay, PBT-clay masterbatch, Nanocomposite, PET-clay nanocomposite, Nanocomposite fiber, Reşadiye bentonites, Modification of bentonite, Surface energies of organoclays, Contact angle of organoclays, Polymer- clay compatibality
Citation
Hojiyev, R. (2013). Nano kil takviyeli poliester liflerinin performans özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.