Yayın: Allojenik hematopoietik kök hücre nakli geçiren akut lösemi hastalarında risk sınıflandırması ve dinamik prognostik modelleme
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Gülderen, Esra
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Özet
Bu çalışmada, allojenik hematopoietik hücre nakli (allo-KİT) uygulanan akut lösemi hastalarında relaps ve sağkalım sonuçlarını öngörmede kullanılan statik ve dinamik prognostik skorların etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, transplantasyon sürecinde zamana bağlı olarak değişen parametrelerin öngörü gücünü dinamik modelleme yaklaşımıyla araştırmaktır. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hematoloji Kliniği’nde 2011-2024 yılları arasında allo-KİT uygulanan, 18 yaş ve üzeri 137 akut lösemi hastası retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Hastaların demografik, hastalık, nakil ve nakil sonrası graft-versus-host hastalığı (GVHH) verileri elektronik kayıt sisteminden elde edilmiştir. Statik skorların yanı sıra, dinamik HALP (Hemoglobin, Albümin, Lenfosit ve Trombosit) ve EASIX (Endothelial Activation and Stress Index) skorları, nakil öncesi ve nakil sonrası 100. güne kadar farklı zaman noktalarında hesaplanmıştır. Nüks, genel sağkalım ve modifiye GVHH-free, Relaps-free survival (mGRFS); derece ≥2 akut GVHH ya da sistemik tedavi gerektiren kronik GVHH ve nüks olmaksızın sağkalım klinik sonlanımlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Sağkalım analizleri Kaplan-Meier yöntemiyle, dinamik skorların performansı ise çok değişkenli Cox regresyon ve ROC analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Statik skorların relaps ve sağkalım öngörüsünde sınırlı bir performans gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın, özellikle EASIX skorunun nakil sonrası 7, 21, 28 ve 100. günlerdeki dinamik değerleri, nakil öncesi değerlere kıyasla hem relaps hem de sağkalım için daha yüksek prediktif değere sahip bulunmuştur. Çok değişkenli Cox regresyon analizinde hastalık tipi, remisyon durumu, kronik GVHH ve akut GVHH komplikasyonlarının da klinik sonuçlarla anlamlı ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Allo-KİT sonrası relaps ve mortalite öngörüsünde dinamik modelleme yaklaşımı, klasik statik yaklaşımlara göre üstün olabilir. EASIX gibi dinamik skorların transplantasyon sonrası izleme entegrasyonu, bireyselleştirilmiş takip ve erken müdahale stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlayabilir. Bu bulguların daha geniş, çok merkezli çalışmalarla doğrulanması önerilmektedir.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of static and dynamic prognostic scores used to predict relapse and survival outcomes in acute leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The main goal of the study was to investigate the predictive power of time-dependent variables during the transplantation process using a dynamic modeling approach. A total of 137 acute leukemia patients aged 18 and over who underwent allo-HCT at the Hematology Clinic of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine between 2011 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, disease-related, transplantrelated, and post-transplant graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) data were obtained from the electronic medical record system. In addition to static scores, dynamic HALP (Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet) and EASIX (Endothelial Activation and Stress Index) scores were calculated at different time points before transplantation and up to day +100. Relapse, overall survival, and modified GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (mGRFS), which was defined as survival without grade ≥2 acute GVHD or chronic GVHD requiring systemic treatment, were defined as clinical endpoints. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, while the performance of dynamic scores was evaluated with multivariate Cox regression and ROC analyses. Static scores were found to have limited performance in predicting relapse and survival. In contrast, the dynamic values of the EASIX score on post-transplant days 7, 21, 28, and 100 showed higher predictive value for both relapse and survival compared to pre-transplant values. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, disease type, remission status, presence of chronic GVHD, and acute GVHD complications were also significantly associated with clinical outcomes. A dynamic modeling approach may be superior to classical static approaches in predicting relapse and mortality after allo-HCT. The integration of dynamic scores like EASIX into post-transplant monitoring can facilitate the development of personalized follow-up and early intervention strategies. These findings should be validated in larger, multi-center studies.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of static and dynamic prognostic scores used to predict relapse and survival outcomes in acute leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The main goal of the study was to investigate the predictive power of time-dependent variables during the transplantation process using a dynamic modeling approach. A total of 137 acute leukemia patients aged 18 and over who underwent allo-HCT at the Hematology Clinic of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine between 2011 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, disease-related, transplantrelated, and post-transplant graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) data were obtained from the electronic medical record system. In addition to static scores, dynamic HALP (Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet) and EASIX (Endothelial Activation and Stress Index) scores were calculated at different time points before transplantation and up to day +100. Relapse, overall survival, and modified GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (mGRFS), which was defined as survival without grade ≥2 acute GVHD or chronic GVHD requiring systemic treatment, were defined as clinical endpoints. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, while the performance of dynamic scores was evaluated with multivariate Cox regression and ROC analyses. Static scores were found to have limited performance in predicting relapse and survival. In contrast, the dynamic values of the EASIX score on post-transplant days 7, 21, 28, and 100 showed higher predictive value for both relapse and survival compared to pre-transplant values. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, disease type, remission status, presence of chronic GVHD, and acute GVHD complications were also significantly associated with clinical outcomes. A dynamic modeling approach may be superior to classical static approaches in predicting relapse and mortality after allo-HCT. The integration of dynamic scores like EASIX into post-transplant monitoring can facilitate the development of personalized follow-up and early intervention strategies. These findings should be validated in larger, multi-center studies.
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Konusu
Akut lösemi, Allojenik kök hücre nakli, EASIX, HALP, Dinamik prognostik modelleme, Acute leukemia, Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, Dynamic prognostic modeling
